高级表达-复合形容(rong)词
我(wo)们知道,复合形容词是用词当中(zhong)高级的表达,如果能够熟练(lian)掌握其用法,必然会为我(wo)们的写作和口语增加色彩。复合(he)形容词就是两个以上的词加连字符(fu)号形成的形容词,通(tong)常复合形容词置于名词之前,以修饰该(gai)名词,以下是复合形容词的类型:
1.数词+名词型 :I made a three-year plan to go on a trip to japan
注意:(1)数词修饰名词(ci)时,该名词一定是可数名词(ci),数词若为one,名词一定是单数,但数词若为two以上时,则名词一(yi)定是复数,如 com my meeting will last an hour,but their meeting will last three hours
(2)数词若为zero(零)时,由于为无限大(da),故之后应置复数名词,如 It's zero degrees Celsius.
(3)将“数词+名词”变成复合形容词:保(bao)留数词,在数词之后加入连字符号,此时,不论数词是(shi)one或two以上,之(zhi)后的名词恒为单数,如the five-year plan may take more than five years to carry out.
2.数词+名词+形容词:The nine-year-old girl happens to be the boss's dauitghter
注意:(1)在这样的结构(gou)中,“数词+名词”被视为副(fu)词,修饰后面的形容(rong)词。当数词是two以上名词要用(yong)复数形式 ,如 I am twenty years old
(2) 将“数(shu)词+名词+形容词”变成复合形(xing)容词:保留数词,分别以(yi)连字符号连接单(dan)数名词和紧接着的形容词,如① he is a six-year-old girl
复合形容(rong)词的普遍性
3.名词+现在分词:she told us a heart-breaking story made us cry
注:(1)此(ci)类结构形成的复合形容词一律(lu)由主动语态的定语从句(ju)简化而来。如 he is a boy who tends to tell lies .lies 作及物动(dong)词短语tell的宾语,属于(yu)主动语态。
(2)将主动语态的定语从句变成(cheng)复合形容词:找出作宾(bin)语的名词,并将该名词一律变(bian)作单数,之后置入连字符;将宾语前的(de)及物动词变成现在分词,置入连字(zi)符之后,所形成的复合形容词置(zhi)于被定语从句修饰的名词之前(qian)就可以了.例:①he is a lie-telling boy.②this is a man-eating animal③she is a law-abiding girl
温馨提示:有些复合形(xing)容词因为常用的(de)关系,时间长了习惯于省去连接(jie)字符而成为一个词了。例如(ru):blood-curdling 写成bloodcurdling(让人感到恐怖的). heart-breaking写成heartbreaking(令人心碎的),这些类(lei)型的单词很多,也(ye)非常有用。
4.副词+现在(zai)分词: I am easy-going,which makes me more popular
注意:主动语态的定语(yu)从句中的动词若为不(bu)及物动词,且有副词修饰时,该定(ding)语从句亦可化简为复合形(xing)容词
(1)将其化为复(fu)合形容词:找出定语从句中(zhong)的副词,用连字符号连接,将从句中的(de)不及物动词变成(cheng)现在分词,再和副词相连接,就组合成(cheng)了复合形容词,然后将(jiang)复合形容词放在被定语(yu)从句修饰的名词之前即可。例the place which lay low was flooded 可以写成 the low-lying place was flooded
5.名词+过去分词:the heart-broken woman left her son a lot of money
注意:这一类的复合形(xing)容词一律由被动语态的定语从句化简而(er)成
(1)将其变成复(fu)合形容词:找出作主语(yu)的名词,一律变成单数,加入连字符(fu)号,将被动语态(tai)的过去分词置入连字符号之后,组(zu)合成的复合形容(rong)词放在被定语从句修饰的名词之前
例1 I felt so sorry for the girl whose heart is broken 可以写成(cheng) I felt so sorry for the heart-broken girl
6.形容词+名(ming)词变成的过去分词:I met that warm-hearted girl who happened to be an English teacher
注意(yi):此类结构的复(fu)合形容词均与身体部(bu)位的器官或组织有关,在定语从句中,若有表“身体(ti)部位的器官或组织”的名词,之(zhi)前有形容词修饰时可在(zai)该形容词后放入连字符号(hao),再将主要名词变成过去分词相连接即(ji)组合成复合形容词(ci)。
例:①a big-eyed girl②a one-legged soldier③a two-headed snake
写作口语中同(tong)步加强复合形容词的学习
7.well/ill+过去分词:that is a well-developed country
注意:well及ill之后亦(yi)可接连字符,再接过去分词,形(xing)成复合形容词。这是一种(zhong)非常高级的用法,一定要掌握好。
例:①well-known 很出名的 ②well-built体格很棒的 ③well-done表现很棒的,(牛肉)全熟(shu)透的 ④well-mannered彬彬有礼的 ⑤well-read书读得多的 ⑥ill-considered考虑不周到的 ⑦ill-judged判断不当(dang)的 ⑧ill-fated命运不好的 ⑨ill-gotten 用不正当手段获得的 ⑩ill-mannered 态度不(bu)好的
这种类型(xing)的复合形容词,既可以(yi)放在Be动词之后作表(biao)语,也可以放名词前修饰(shi)名词
例1.It was ill-considered of him to break up with his girlfriend
例(li)2.she is a well-read girl
以上是英语当中复合(he)形容词的详细总结,务必要牢(lao)记,把这些表达方式运(yun)用在英语的写作和口(kou)语上吧!come on,you are the best one